Introduction
Children’s mental health refers to the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of children. It affects how they think, feel, relate to others, and manage stress and challenges. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), children’s mental health entails the achievement of developmental and emotional milestones, the establishment of secure relationships, and the adoption of healthy coping skills. WHO emphasizes that good mental health is essential for learning, social interaction, and long-term well-being.
Despite its importance, many children globally experience mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and behavioral disorders, often without adequate support or treatment. Recognizing the vital role of families, especially parents, in nurturing children’s mental well-being is crucial to addressing this global concern.
Perspectives on Children’s Mental Health
Global Perspective
Globally, the World Health Organization reports that approximately 10–20% of children and adolescents experience mental health disorders. However, the majority remain undiagnosed and untreated due to factors such as stigma, limited resources, and lack of awareness. The global burden of mental health issues among children has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing the urgency for integrated mental health strategies. Initiatives like the WHO’s Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030 advocate for early intervention and community based mental health services to promote healthy development in children.
Regional Perspective (Africa / East Africa)
In Africa, children’s mental health remains a largely under-prioritized area. East African nations face numerous challenges including poverty, displacement, conflict, and weak healthcare systems, all of which adversely affect children’s mental well-being. A significant shortage of child-focused mental health professionals and persistent cultural stigma further hinder progress. Organizations such as the African Child Policy Forum and UNICEF continue to push for greater investment in child mental health services and policies that are inclusive, accessible, and culturally sensitive.
National Perspective (Kenya)
In Kenya, there is growing recognition of mental health as a national priority, underscored by the launch of the Kenya Mental Health Policy (2015–2030). However, specific focus on children’s mental health remains limited. Kenyan children face a range of risks, including domestic violence, school-related stress, and socio- economic hardships, all contributing to mental health vulnerabilities. Efforts such as the “Mental Health Wellness Together” initiative aim to raise awareness and promote preventive measures, but there remains a significant need for stronger parental and community involvement.
County Perspective (Homabay)
In Homabay County, children’s mental health is impacted by factors such as poverty, high HIV/AIDS prevalence, family instability, and limited access to mental health services. There is a noticeable gap in specialized pediatric mental health care, with most interventions being reactive rather than preventive. Some local organizations and schools have initiated basic mental health programs, often in collaboration with non-governmental organizations. However, increased parental engagement is essential to create a supportive environment for children’s mental and emotional development.
The Importance of Mental Health to Children
Children’s mental health is foundational to their ability to learn, form relationships, manage emotions, and navigate life’s challenges. A child with good mental health is more likely to achieve academic success, build strong social networks, and grow into a resilient adult. Conversely, untreated mental health issues can lead to academic underachievement, behavioral problems, substance abuse, and long-term mental health disorders.
The Role of Parental Involvement
- Parental involvement is a critical factor in supporting children’s mental health. Parents are often the first to observe changes in their child’s behavior or emotional state. Their active support fosters a sense of security, belonging, and self-esteem in children.
- Involved parents’ model healthy emotional expression, teach coping skills, and help children navigate difficult experiences. Moreover, early parental intervention can prevent minor issues from escalating into more serious mental health problems.
- Parental involvement also contributes to reducing the stigma around mental health, encouraging open discussions within the family, and promoting a culture of seeking help when necessary. It enhances the effectiveness of school-based or community interventions by reinforcing mental health practices at home.
How Parents Can Support Their Children’s Mental Health
- Promote Open Communication: Create a safe space for children to express their feelings without fear of judgment or punishment.
- Offer Emotional Support: Show consistent love, patience, and understanding, helping children build resilience against life’s challenges.
- Be Informed and Observant: Educate themselves about common mental health issues and recognize early warning signs such as withdrawal, aggression, or drastic mood changes.
- Model Healthy Coping Strategies: Demonstrate how to handle stress, setbacks, and emotions positively.
- Establish a Supportive Home Environment: Foster a home that is safe, stable, and nurturing, free from violence and excessive criticism.
- Engage with Schools and Health Professionals: Collaborate with teachers, counselors, and healthcare providers to ensure comprehensive support for the child.
- Encourage Healthy Lifestyles: Support habits that enhance mental well-being, such as regular exercise, balanced nutrition, proper sleep, and limited screen time.
Conclusion
Children’s mental health is fundamental to their holistic development and future success. Globally, regionally, nationally, and within Homabay County, significant gaps in children mental health services and support persist. However, empowering parents to play an active role offers a transformative opportunity. By fostering open communication, providing consistent emotional support, and collaborating with educational and health systems, parents can significantly strengthen the mental health and resilience of their children. Strengthening parental involvement is therefore not just beneficial but essential for building healthier, happier, and more successful future generations.
